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Jarek Djano looked back six years to when he first arrived in England from the small village of Zamrow. “Each pound I sent back home could buy three or four loaves of bread. Now it can buy only one,” he said.
“Now I have to work six, seven days a week. Before I only worked five. It’s getting to be a strain on my wallet.”
Mr Djano, 41, a builder, moved to London two years before the Government lifted restrictions on the movement of Polish workers. Since 2004 an estimated one million Poles have settled in Britain, taking advantage of the higher wages British employers were prepared to pay. They became so much a part of the country’s life that Tesco, Asda and Sainsbury’s – as well as innumerable small local shops – started stocking Polish food and drink, and libraries began to stock books and newspapers in Polish.
But a crumbling pound, a tightening economy and boom time in Poland have persuaded thousands like Mr Djano to return home. “I want to go back in May,” he said. “A lot of people I know are going back. It’s not worth being here any more. Everything is very expensive. And the pound doesn’t buy much. My wife was never happy with me being in London. She came once, but it was too crowded, too much traffic. My family lives in a village, it’s completely different.
“My children are 18 and 15 and they need lots of money. Every time they call, they say, ‘Papi, give me more money’.”
Seven years of hard work have left Mr Djano with a glowing reputation among the middle-class residents of Twickenham, but he would not advise friends in Poland to come here now. “I could survive in England, but if I were in Poland I’d say, forget it. If you have a job you’re fine. If you work only one week a month, it’s not good.
“My friend came to England a month ago, he’s still waiting for work. His boss told him there might be a job in a month. He tells me, ‘No more England, I’m going home’.”
Mr Djano’s decision means that finding a cheap, honest, eager-to-work builder in 2008 is going to be considerably harder than it has been in recent years. Polish builders, with a reputation for working long hours at a fraction of the price local workers charge, have spent four years forcing their British rivals to raise their game. But many are now questioning the economic benefit of staying in Britain, where the building trade has been hit hard by the credit crunch.
Inquiries from householders fell by 40 per cent in the last quarter of 2007, a result of the economic situation, the Federation of Master Builders said. “Consumers are being much more cautious about home improvement,” a spokesman said. “I’m expecting the results for the first quarter to be worse than the last three months of last year. We think it’s a direct result of the credit squeeze. The public’s uncertain about what’s going to happen with the economy and in these periods people hold back on working on their houses.”
Poland, by contrast, is enjoying a construction boom. Profits at PBG, a Polish building company, rose by two thirds in the fourth quarter of 2007 as the country prepares to host the 2012 European football championships. An expected 500,000 visitors have led to a massive renovation of the country’s sports complexes, road, airport and rail infrastructures, and tourist facilities. Polish builders are in high demand. “Lots of people are going back for Euro 2012,” Darek Osiak, 26, a gardener from Warsaw, said. “There’s building going on already. The economy is growing and people are very confident.”
Maciej Pobug-Radalowicz, 40, runs his own builders’ firm in Warsaw. “I see a lot of builders coming back from England now. They can’t seem to save enough money over there any more, I’m sure it’s because of the exchange rate. I also think it’s because they haven’t learnt to speak English while they are there and can get exploited by foremen.”
The swing in migration is affecting all Poles, not just builders. Ryszard Multan, 26, took a break from his double shift at the Front Line restaurant in Paddington to tell The Times: “I’ve got my ticket to go home. March 30. I can’t wait to go back to Poland. I started work in the restaurant on the minimum wage, £4.85 per hour, to save money to restore my parents’ flat, At that time I could only have earned £1 an hour in Poland.
“But now the exchange rate means it’s not worth staying. In Poland the situation is much better and I can earn three times more than I could two years ago.”
Lewis Woodward, head of marketing at Reed Employment, said that fewer Poles seemed to be available to work. “While the number of Poles entering the UK remains strong there is talk of a growing trend for workers to head back east, where countries like Poland are experiencing a boom.”
Sebastian Ksiazek, 32, came to England eight years ago speaking almost no English. He began work as a builder but is now a successful shipping clerk in London. “I couldn’t even say ‘hello’ when I came here,” he said. “The beginning was tough. I started with a cleaning job, working in kitchens. Three years ago I was working as a barman when a customer asked me to work for him. He offered me a job because I would never let him buy on credit. He liked that about me.”
Despite his success, Mr Ksiazek is leaving. “My wife and I will go back. Opportunities are getting better in our country. Plenty of my friends have gone back and they’re doing very well. I like London, but it’s not my home.”
Cost of living
743,000 Eastern Europeans applied to register for British jobs between 2004 and 2007
468,000 Poles successfully applied, 66 per cent of the applications
1 million Poles estimated to have migrated to Britain
£1 equals 7.23 Polish zloty (2004)
£1 equals 4.83 Polish zloty (2008)
8% of Poles left the country in the past three years, fleeing 16 per cent unemployment
£800 Polish monthly average wage (2003)
£1,967 English monthly average wage (2003)
Source: Home Office and Poland’s statistic office
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unfortunatelly racism and ksenofobia in GB is huge. Discrimination is everywhere. When sb. is not local without accent, has no chance for enything. You can be 10 times better educated and efficient, with far better knmowledge and You ll never get better job. Thats why most of Poles v decided to go.
zizi, london, uk
I think its good they are leaving, government should allow more migrants from outside of the EU to come into the UK. Its not going to make any difference now, the damage is done too many are already here and here to stay.
Kamran, nelson, UK
I know of plenty of Indian construction workers heading to Eastern Europe especially Poland for work, especially since the Euro 2012 is taking place in Poland. The Islamic presence in Poland is underway
Ali, Glasgow, Scotland
I was born in Canada to Polish parents and am moving to Poland this year to run an agro-tourist business in DolnySlask.
The biggest problem I have encountered in Poland is the sluggish bureacrasy filled with people who feel that they are entitled to jobs - just like in Canada. Beautiful country. I know there will be challenges, but living in Canada is getting worse and worse, especially in big cities and the cost of living is outpacing incomes. Best thing about Poland is the culture, beauftiful Polish people and scenery.
Ted, Toronto, Canada
Should I stay or should I go now...?
Well, I think I rather stay, It's not about money, it's about normal life and lack of fear about tomorrow.
Justyna Staszek, Bristol, Avon
Honesty, story telling...
Itâs true that a builder earns even two G in pounds in Warsaw.
I as a student in Lublin, 100 miles east from Warsaw I can earn as a front desk man in very good restaurant just a pound per hour!
Where ais logic?
JanPolack, Lublin, Polska
Most probably the first ones to go are these Polish people who earn the minimum wages + those who left families back home.
There were plenty of Poles who came here to save every penny, working long hours, squeezed in overcrowded living conditions - they must be seriously thinking of going back as the sitution in their homeland improves.
However, there are many who managed to bring their families here and set up a new life or those who wanted to get out of a country full of nepotism, just to try living in a country of opportunities for well educated, hard-working people.
Many of the latter succeeded and became a part of the British society, having almost assimilated into it, at least giving a hope for doing so much more easily than even the 2nd or 3rd generation of immigrants from distant countries of the Commonwealth.
The Polish job market is far from being a real market where the 'price' is known. All adverts still lack a salary range and the employer doesn't 'sell' anything
Bartek, Beaconsfield, UK
It's all temporary. The exchange rate will improve at some point when the boom ends in Poland (and it always does). Now, the question is who we trust more in the long-term: the Polish politicians (be it Tusk or Kaczynski) or the British ones (even left-wing Gordon Brown). Moreover, do you really want to go back to a country where your manager is your king and master who can do with you whatever they fancy or rather your mate whose job just happens to involve managing you.
Szym, London,
and the Polish average wages are growing constantly up..and up...and up :-) so thank you guys that you have left Poland. thanks to you, i'm able to earn more and more... and more ;-)
Piotr, Wroclaw, Poland
kara, the Polish culture is a part of the European culture since forever.
Bart, Szczecin,
rubbish ... are they comming back? have you really noticed such a thing?
and polish officials say ....blah blah blah ... they always say a lot ... don't they ...
if you are polish you know what that means ...
tomasz, W/ton, Cumbria
Your report is completely false on Polish wages.My wife is a Polish helath service nurse in 2008 and earns the equivalent of 400 Pounds per month for full time hospital nursing -no where near the average wage of 800 Pounds per month you were quoting for a Polish wage in 2003!
Do not worry,there will be plently of Polish workers in the UK for the next 5-10 years at least!
John Coueslant, Poznan,Poland,
As an american visiting Britain over the years, I have been overjoyed at the level of service the Poles brought to Blighty. Across the board they have been excellent; courteous, polite, hardworking, and not inclined to get drunk and fight. I will miss them the next time I order breakfast at a hotel in Britain.
Laurence Budd, Ft collins, USA/colorado
If we were lucky, this would represent the majority of eastern europeans who plonk down here. But I hardly think it reflects many of them.
There is no way EU can handle the overwhelming number of people that come in from these countries. Hundreds of years of European culture... crumbling before our eyes, for no better reason, than the decisions of extremely dumb politicians who do not respect or care what the population of the country really wants!
kara, Barcelona, Spain
Andy - the number of billions of pounds (7-9) that has gone to Poland is but a drop in the ocean compared to their input to the UK's total economy (200+) over the past four years. Who'd have done all that work they did over that time? It'd have been left undone. No taxable profits. And the UK housing bubble would have burst years ago had it not been for hundreds of thousands of people renting from buy-to-let landlords.
Question you must face Andy is who's going to pull your pint, fix your plumbing and make your latte. A Somalian? Romanian? Albanian? Or a workshy British NEET?
Michael , Warsaw, Poland
I'm glad to see the Poles are going home - because I like the Poles. They are intelligent, honest and hard-working.
I was saddened to read newspaper articles about how the incidence of STDs had risen in Poland because of Poles returning from Britain.
Eamonn, Cardiff,
So the hard working Poles are leaving with the hard working Brits. We shall leave the UK with a dwindling productive population serving the needs of the wealthy few who come to Britain to avoid tax and enjoy the protection of a police type state with CCTV, DNA , NHS, databases etc etc.
Steve Marchant, Broadhempston, UK
How many billions of pounds have gone from England to Poland?
Andy, London,
So how long before Britons start migrating east to find work?
Paul, Coventry,
Well, well, well now thereâs a surprise 'NOT' I predicted this to friends sometime ago. Looks like a lot of people are going to have a lot of leaks? Also letâs not forget the large German car companies moving operations to Poland. No wonder there was an instant U-turn "Last month Gordon Brown wanted contracts and benefit cuts for those who refuse training," and "This month he says he wants contracts and benefit increases for those who accept training. Oh dear Mr Brownâ
Layton Bevan, Neath, Wales
''Polish builders have spent four years forcing their British rivals to raise their game.''
Not so.
British builders still act like a disco of yobs turning up acting like they own your property.
They still have a massive attitude problem.
Politicians seem scared to sort the industry out.
K. Urban, London, UK
Thanks for all British people for good time in UK. I adore your culture, met many interesting folks, had a smashing time. U welcome in Poland (esp. Krakow). Regards. Daniel
daniel, krakow, poland