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More than £63 billion was wiped off London’s main stock market yesterday as panicked investors rushed to pull out their cash amid fears of a mounting crisis in global financial markets.
The FTSE 100 index of leading shares in London suffered its worst fall in seven years despite central banks around the world taking the unusual move of pumping $323 billion (£159 billion) cash into the system to ward off fears of a widespread credit crunch.
In recent weeks, global markets have been rocked by news of problems in banks and funds linked to risky investments in US mortgages and private equity funds, sparking fears of an end to the era of cheap credit that has fuelled global growth.
Gordon Brown said yesterday: “There will always be issues in the markets and of course we cannot insulate ourselves from events that are happening in all parts of the world. I think the important message to be said about the British economy is that we have done everything in our power and will continue to do everything in our power to maintain the stability of the British economy.”
Observers had hoped that the market would be able to weather the storm and that things would calm down over the summer holiday, ready for a fresh start in September. But the jitters persisted this week, as several European financial institutions, such as BNP Paribas, the French bank, admitted that they had suffered losses as a result of exposure to the US mortgage market.
A day after injecting an unprecedented €95 billion (£64 billion) into the markets, the European Central Bank said yesterday it would stump up an additional €61 billion as fears over large banking losses linked to US mortgages refused to abate.
Professor Geoffrey Wood, an economics expert at the Cass Business School, said that the ECB action made “absolutely no sense”. He said: “There’s no need to do this when a single bank is stressed.”
But investors took the ECB move as a sign that it expects other European banks and funds to announce similarly dire exposures to troubled US mortgages, causing further tightening in the credit markets.
Howard Wheeldon, a senior strategist at BGC Partners, the spread-betting company, said that there was a feeling of “nervous anticipation” among investors as they awaited further announcements. He said: “There’s an underlying belief that the central banks know more than the investors do and that makes people nervous.”
Jimmy Yates, a trader at CMC Markets, the spread-betting company, said: “Uncertainty is the byword at the moment. What we need is a few banks coming out and saying that they’re not affected but no one is. We’re hearing nothing”.
And across the world, other banks followed suit as fear continued to grip global markets. In New York, the US Federal Reserve said that it would pump in a total of $35 billion to help to keep financial markets running.
In a statement, the Fed said that it was “providing liquidity to facilitate the orderly functioning of financial markets” and offered to provide reserves “as necessary”.
Carl Weinberg, at High Frequency Economics, said the credit problems could slow down the wider economy.
“Every time you see a credit crunch and get stock market disorder, you see lower GDP, as borrowing costs rise and spending falls,” he said.
“People’s perception of their own wealth, with a housing slowdown, goes down.”
In Asia, the Bank of Japan and the Reserve Bank of Australia both injected funds, while the Bank of Canada also lent money to quell the panic.
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I have read no mention of it,but over recent years surely a number of highly paid auditors have been signing off on the annual accounts of many companies now in difficulties.
They certify as to balance sheets showing a true and fair view of the state of the company concerned.
Have they not had an inkling that perhaps the assets were not correctly valued.? If so,did they say so?
Surely not qualifying the accounts, if there was reason to do so,is totally misleading to investors ,shareholders and all others having financial dealings with the company.
If I was an auditor,I would perhaps be somewhat uneasy.
Perhaps your business editor might like to comment.I would appreciate his thoughts on this matter of auditors responsibilities.
Nic, Royan, France
I would be grateful if someone could explain what exactly is meant by 'pumping cash into the system' or injecting liquidity. I wonder how many 'men in the street ' understand it well enough to explain it to somebody else.
Kenneth Rushton, Liverpool,
The difference between this "crash" and prior slumps in the market lies in the concerted interventions of central banks worldwide. It looks like there are plunge protection teams working around the clock to plug further patches into a fundamental problem besetting all economies -- short-term greed, long-term economic myopia and the quack remedies accompanying them.
Patches will only delay the inevitable.
There is something very systemic and sinuous afoot. The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis hit economies with key fundamental weaknesses. This one seems to be shaking the very foundations of our economies, and it all began with suspect sub prime mortgages for the US housing market.
A larger homeless workforce worldwide has only one historic precedence.
Time will tell just how many extra patches will keep the entire edifice together.
Mathew Maavak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Why are we so dependant or maybe gullible to follow the USA in economic strategies when we have seen over and over again the US economy is so awry, they are always pumping money back in which they don't have. They can't even manage to regulate the delivery of hundreds of thousand of weapons to Iraq. We do not need the US economy to dictate the other stock markets around the world. The sooner the world in general grasps the fact that the USA is a bankrupt country who cannot provide its citizens with basic healthcare, basic education, only two weeks holiday a year for employees and so on and so on the better. -
peter wells, Vienna, austria
Financial markets do not exists. Money markets, stock markets or equity markets and financial services do exist. Does this help?
AuthenticSweets, felixstowe,
Wow, whoever would have guessed that this would happen! The government and its citizens borrow money hand over foot, spend it like drunken sailors, don't save and don't do anything productive and now, its all fallen over. All those geniuses and nobody saw this coming. Next lesson - come in out of the rain if you want to stay dry. Also, don't play with fire or play on the railway tracks.
Christopher Holland, Canberra, Australia
Why inject all these funds?
al, Perth, Scotland
Craig Ross - spot on. Well said.
Sid, London, UK
Correct me if I am wrong but it seems to me that some spivvy americans have been dumping/selling their rubbish onto the rest of the world. The idiots who bought this stuff must be held to account as this is pure negligence.
It is also a lesson to others "Caveat emptor"
Steve Byrne, Christchurch, UK
I concur with Prof. Wood; further, I am suspicious about BNP and French influence in the ECB. The result of the decision to intervene was obvious to anyone in any market; the consequences of the decision are huge and have not been fully covered by the press by any means. Is the ECB liable for its actions, or can this autocratic organisation just arbitrarily destroy markets, companies and investors? It is interesting to note that the last time they intervened in a big way was 9/11 and, guess what, there was a crash. The issue is causality: did they cause that one, and are they about to cause another one? And we all preach good govenance and transparency, but only for organisations that can't destroy economies.
Dr Peter Langmead, Lusaka,
If Central Banks are indeed pumping colossal sums to keep markets afloat, there must be more to this saga than mere panic and "uncertainty" among investors.
Wait and see
Mathew Maavak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Money allows people to swap goods and services. Assets (including financial assets) are worth what someone will pay for them. I have never understood why central bankers and politicians assume that there is a straightforward long-term gain to be had from trying to intervene in the process of trade, either in goods or in financial assets. Suppose that cheap credit brings forward consumption and prevents a recession following the NASDAQ stock market crash - the borrowers have to pay their debts with interest, so consumption falls dramatically in the medium term. Is a recession now automatically worse than sub-trend growth for ever? We seem stuck in this mindset where bad events for some will snowball and a flat spin and plummet earthwards for all will follow. It is almost as if all the revisionist histories on Roosevelt's New Deal had never been written - markets bad, quasi-political action good; it's that simple.
If we always, always left losers to pay their bill we'd be fine.
Craig Ross, Glasgow,