Ben Webster, Transport Correspondent
2 for 1 tickets to Casablanca, this coming Monday
Thousands of people will be left standing at bus stops each day from April because all the seats will be taken by retired people travelling free, according to bus companies.
From April 1, those aged 60 or over will be entitled to free travel after 9.30am on buses all over England. The Government is spending £212 million on extending the existing entitlement, which currently permits free travel within the local authority where the person lives. Some adventurous pensioners are likely to try and cross the country free using local services.
The Department for Transport has agreed to compensate bus companies for losses in revenue but has refused to fund the extra services which the companies say will be necessary to cope with the surge in demand.
The worst-affected places are likely to be seaside towns and tourist and shopping destinations which attract visitors from outside the local area.
Brighton buses experience severe overcrowding as elderly residents use their passes to take trips along the south coast to Worthing, Hove, Eastbourne and Chichester. The situation is expected to get worse from April when everyone aged 60 and over from anywhere in England will be able to travel free on Brighton’s buses.
Roger French, managing director of Brighton & Hove Bus Company, said: “The buses are already full up on sunny days with people who are out to enjoy a free ride but people who want to pay are being left behind.” He said that free passes could force would-be passengers to use cars for essential journeys because there would be so many elderly people “going on jaunts on the bus”.
First Group, Britain's biggest public transport company, has reported that some of its elderly passengers are using their bus passes simply for the ride rather than to get to any destination.
Local authorities have given warning that they will have to raise council tax or cut services to fund the gap between government grants and the actual cost of providing the service.
Southampton City Council is predicting a shortfall of £1 million to £1.5 million a year because it says that the Government is failing to take into account that many elderly people from neighbouring districts will take advantage of their free passes.
Under the rules, the local authority has to reimburse the bus company for each elderly passenger carried, regardless of where that passenger lives. Each authority will receive a grant calculated according to a formula set by the Department for Transport.
Gavin Dick, Southampton’s cabinet member for transport, said: “We believe the free pass could generate up to 375,000 extra trips into the city. The citizens of Southampton will be left to pick up the bill and the shortfall in funding would be equivalent to 2 per cent on council tax.”
Nick Lester, director of transport at London Councils, said: “We are terribly concerned about the potential shortfall, which could result in cuts in services or increased council tax.”
Some authorities have already identified possible cuts, including subsidised rural bus services and free travel for children and students.
A source within the bus industry said: “It would be sadly ironic if the result of this great giveaway to the elderly was that bus services declined in rural areas and young people with an even greater need lost their subsidised travel.”
Until April 2006, the department spent £400 million a year funding half fares for those 60 and over in their local areas. Since then, it has spent an additional £350million a year to provide free travel within local areas. Next April’s extension of free passes to all areas will take the total bill for free bus travel for the elderly and disabled to around £1 billion.
Since April 2003, more than 1.2 million men aged between 60 and 65 have been entitled to free bus passes after the European Court of Human Rights forced the Government to give them the same entitlement as women.

All aboard
— The world’s longest bus journey is by OzBus. The 15,000-mile trip from London to Sydney takes in Gallipoli, an Indian tiger reserve, Everest, Koh Samui and Uluru. Tickets cost £3,750 each and the first sold out in two months this year
— According to the website busenthusiasts.co.uk, there are plenty of bus spotters out there. Visitors to the site can peruse photograph collections. Another website allows users to manage their own fantasy bus company
— While most bus drivers are content to greet passengers with a nod of the head, a Bournemouth driver serenades his customers every day.
— Tommy Steele - no, not that one - has been singing to passengers for two decades
London buses are crowded enough during peak hours, but in 1989 a group of middle-school pupils broke the world record for fitting the most people into a bus when 354 crammed into a standard 56-seater double-decker
The first daily bus service is said to have begun in 1824 between Salford and Manchester
London’s red buses can be hired for weddings and receptions
Source: Times database, www.busenthusiasts.co.uk , www.recordholders.org
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The problem that people seem to miss is that bus companies do not receive full fare for free passengers, repayments from councils range from the reasonable 75p in the pound to the risible flat rate that can equate to 50p per journey or less (even when the journey cost fare-paying passengers £3 or more and travel long distances).
Where is the business case to provide extra buses to carry the 50% or more increase that some operators have seen when every one of those extra passengers have lead to no extra income for the bus operators because the council are unable to pay more money to cover free passes than they paid out to cover half-fares.
The idea is a good one as shown by Wales and Scotland but only where central government provides enough money to enable the councils provide a fair reimbursement to the operators to help them pay for increased capacities (new buses cost over £100,000 each and every extra driver around £200 per day to employ and costs increase faster than inflation
Andrew, Luton,
Every problem is an opportunity and as many cars as possible need to be kept off Britain's over-crowded roads. With the promised driving tests for those who are "old" on the horizon, the generation that made Britain great financially must not be forgotten especially when pensions have been stolen or not been updated properly due to inflation.
It is an excellent idea albeit just one from Brown to try and save his neck in the next general election.
B J Deller, Marbella, Spain
In Scotland, we have had a free bus pass facility for the elderly and disabled for a few years now. This has resulted in more buses on each route and more frequently, not less as is feared by some. It's an excellent system and not gefore time, although it would be nice if it were also available on rail.
A Boyle, Glasgow, Scotland
As usual, people doing a "what if" exercise and coming up with a worse case scenario, get a life, it is a great idea. It will remove a huge number of elderly drivers from the roads, free up all those parking spaces. It will also give new levels of freedom to those who have lost their driving partner. The benefits both social and actual will be reflected in savings in other ways. Here in Bourenmouth bus travel in the summer is a nightmare because of a huge number of students at the language schools as well as the local uni but I havent noticed any moves to curb their numbers. If a route has a bus on it now and runs 70% empty how can it be less profitable if it runs 100% full because of pensioners. I note that already some operators are jockying for position ready to sqeeze the system. Yes some routes will be oversubscribed, its happened for years and the bus companies havent complained. It will just need some adjustments all round, free bus passes for the elderly cannot be wrong
mike gee, bournemouth, uk
Am I missing something, but do the usual rules of supply and demand not apply to bus companies???
Surely if you run a bus company and your buses are full of passengers, (regardless of whom pays the fair) you should fulfill your customer charter, your business license mandate and provide enough buses to fulfil demand?
Or is this just an opportunity for bus companies to moan "they are the wrong type of passengers"!!!
Phil Beresford-Davis, Great Dunmow, Essex
Surely a timetable calls for buses to run whether full, empty or somewhere in between. There is no difference in costs as far as I can see if the bus runs full or empty, same driver, virtually same fuel consumption. The point about seaside jaunts is obviously valid but, the rest of the country ?
Tony Mantle, Evesham,
"The Department for Transport has agreed to compensate bus companies for losses in revenue but has refused to fund the extra services which the companies say will be necessary to cope with the surge in demand."
So, effectively for the bus companies, these are paying customers. If the buses are full of paying customers then surely the bus companies can afford to put on additional services.
I'm one of those who hates using public transport, and prefers to drive everywhere. A primary reason is the cost of bus services. When I go abroad, I find the cost acceptable, the services frequent, then I'm happy not to take the car.
Another plus would be to get those who's ability behind the wheel is flagging off the road, it would reduce their dependence on an expensive but undeniably useful tool. Sounds like a winner all round!
Jon DAwkins, Bristol,
I think this is brilliant for the over 60âs. The free bus services in many towns and cities around the country already provide the opportunity for social networking in this age group. My mother sees her regular bus journey to the supermarket as an opportunity to meet and make new friends. All on first name terms, Christmas and birthday cards are exchanged. Then a coffee or lunch together while the passengers wait for the return bus home. I cannot see my mother travelling 160 miles on local transport to visit me for free but I suspect some over 60âs may. This could be good for the environment if it gets the oldies to give up their cars!
jo, stevenage, UK
Elizabeth is quite right. I can't see the situation being "worse" - if people travel further afield, they're making more room for others on their own local services!
But we should regard it as better, not worse. 60 people on a bus means at least 30 cars off the road. The government should welcome this and be pleased to allocate cash to - at last - improve bus services generally. If it doesn't want to take that cash from general taxation it should take it from those using road space wastefully in their cars - in other words, stop procrastinating over congestion charging.
Barry, Wallington, UK
If all of us elderly are on the buses, then the roads should be a lot clearer of cars (and I guess that is the idea). Subsidising only journeys that people want to make (instead of a blanket subsidy to a bus company) makes better sense as bus companies will plan routes that benefit the travelling public.
I think the Councils are worrying too much about out of area pensioners, as travelling by bus across country is a slow process as connections are sometimes hours apart so distances travelled there and back are not likely to be that great.
Most of us like to be home before dark.
Elizabeth Harvey, Dunstable, Bedfordshire
For the City of York Council the new rules for subsided transport is one, if not the, largest unknown budget item. All parties support the proposal but not the impact on our Council taxpayers.
The Government needs to bin its 'formula' and let the Council just send them the bus companies bill. Its their scheme which I'm sure our PM will be happy to re-announce for the 10th time so let him now announce he picking up the tab as well.
Cllr. Paul S. Healey
CYC - Conservative
Paul S. Healey, York, N. Yorkshire
More to do with bus companies wanting full fare paying bums on seats rather that subsides wrinklies and the disabled. Shame on them...when did they ever state that they wanted to restrict old and disabled when they applied for their operating licences. So whats next, refusing cistomers because the routes are too successful. You couldn't make it up, could you?
Jack, Glasgow, Scotland
2% on the council tax. Do they not think they owe their senior citizens at least that?
P O'Rourke, Rochester, UK