The Andrew Davidson Interview
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OUT of the storm, and into calm water, Arun Sarin has the look of a helmsman who has seen dry land for the first time in years. “Come on,” he beams, greeting me in the foyer of Vodafone’s Newbury head office, “I want to show you something exciting.”
So it’s off to the Vodafone shop by the HQ’s ground-floor café. You can see the assistant steel himself at our approach, but Sarin is all smiles and warm acknowledgments. He wants to show me Vodafone’s new 3G plug-and-play USB modem for lap-tops. It’s broadband wherever you want it, he exults. And Vodafone’s got it first in Britain.
For Sarin, 52, Vodafone chief executive since 2003, it’s another sign that his huge multinational is on the right track. Embroiled in extraordinary in-fighting since 2005, when it seemed as if Vodafone’s old guard might push him out, Sarin is now back on top with a spring in his step. A last attempt to challenge his investment strategy in America was rejected by 93 per cent of Vodafone shareholders in July. Things look easier ahead.
“I feel well supported by shareholders,” says Sarin with a strong smile, “and very well supported by my board.”
Up in his glass-walled corner office, Sarin, neat as a shop-window mannequin, is careful not to point fingers about the past. He is smoothly confident about Vodafone’s new subsidiaries in Turkey and India – his birthplace – and his fresh plans for South Africa, where the company is keen to buy out its joint-venture partner. Vodafone is also showing new confidence in Britain, where rivals say it is now feverishly chasing new users in a bid to regain the No 1 spot from O2.
For Sarin, such success would be a fitting response to critics who still pore over Vodafone’s problems and suggest he is looking for an exit. But why would he want to leave now? The numbers are going his way, and he has the people he wants around him. He has also just joined Gordon Brown’s advisory board, the Business Council for Britain. It sounds like he is just getting started.
And he is keen to trumpet Vodafone’s new shift in strategy, to expand beyond mobile telephony into being a “total communications” group, offering a variety of services and technologies that he calls “mobile-plus”.
“We are more than just a mobile company now,” he says. “We are getting into mobile broadband, fixed-line broadband, mobile advertising – all of these things, moving towards being a total communications company. We are also much more regional now.
We believe in the power of regions, we want to be strong in Europe, where our average market share is 30%, we want to make sure we defend and grow that . . .”
He chats genially, his accented English reflecting a lifetime’s experience – 20 years growing up in India, 28 years doing business in America, four years in Britain running one of our biggest companies. He looks relaxed, though his nut-brown eyes and soft round features still give little away.
He is keen to stress that Vodafone will pick its battles carefully in future, which will reassure investors. It doesn’t want to become a content producer, but is interested in how telecoms and media converge. And the old ambition to create a truly global mobile giant, driven by his predecessor Sir Chris Gent, is now firmly shelved.
“It’s unlikely anyone will put together a truly global player,” he says. “If anyone could aspire to it, it would be us” – with 230m customers out of the world’s 2.5 billion users – “but the scale is so massive . . . Our view is just to be strong in certain regions and concentrate on mobile-plus.”
So Europe will provide the cashflow to be invested in selected markets like Turkey, India and Africa, or simply returned to shareholders as dividends or buybacks. “We are building a company not just for today,” says Sarin, “but one that will exist three years from now, and 10 years from now.”
Whether that will satisfy critics is another matter. Vodafone has long been accused of an inconsistent approach, reflecting its rapid formation as a bundle of acquisitions collected by Gent in the late 1990s. Sarin was supposed to pull that together, with economies of scale giving it cost-cutting opportunities. Yet Vodafone’s recent annual results showed it being pegged back by rivals in Europe, although revenues elsewhere are growing by 21%. In Britain – 6% of Vodafone’s revenues – it needs to raise its game.
Sarin nods. “We have had inconsistent execution here; now we are executing more consistently across pricing, distribution and products.”
That includes taking hard-nosed decisions about the new Apple iPhone. “It is a 2G phone, not 3G. When it’s a broadband phone we will be interested in carrying it.”
Yet still no big push into fixed-line broadband here?
He shrugs. “The reason we are not doing it whole-hog here is because it is not particularly profitable, but in Germany it is. We are looking at opportunities in Italy and Spain too. There are no benefits to have the same across Europe yet, but we keep looking at it.”
Those opportunities in Italy and Spain – negotiating to buy the Italian and Spanish operations of the Swedish telecoms company Tele2 – will take Vodafone further into fixed-line offerings. Hasn’t Sarin left it a bit late? “No, with a brand like Vodafone you can come in when you want. Wait and see.”
How Vodafone grows its business has been an issue since Sarin took the top slot in 2003. It lies behind the boardroom rows that threatened to end his tenure, and behind the recent attempt by rebel shareholders to force Vodafone to sell its 45% stake in American mobile operator Verizon Wireless. That attempt failed, but the question remains. Why keep a stake in a business that hasn’t paid you a dividend since 2005?
Sarin composes himself. “The important thing is for our company to have exposure to the American economy and mobile business; without that we would lose innovation and value-creation opportunities.”
And the value of the stake, close to $60 billion (£30 billion) goes up $10 billion a year. Yes, he needs to monetise that value for shareholders, but it would be stupid to hurry. “At the right time we will find the right way, but I don’t feel under pressure.”
Could Vodafone buy up the other 55 per cent? “That,” he smiles, “would be hard, as it’s a very large slug of money.”
As for the internal rows that have dogged the company, and the leaks to the press from different factions, he is sanguine. He admits the board became “marginally dysfunctional” but says it is now united under new chairman Sir John Bond. Did he feel threatened? He shakes his head.
“Just disappointed because when you are part of a public company board you have to put the company before yourself. That’s the absolute cardinal rule; you can’t have a personal agenda supersede the company. A couple of people on the board were doing that and it was very unfortunate. And, no, I am not going to tell you who.”
Yet it is well-documented that he lost the confidence of Gent, former chairman Sir Ian MacLaurin, and some investors who took their concerns to the board. The share price had collapsed, a massive write-off pushed the company into loss, Vodafone had pulled out of Japan, senior executives were going. It looked a mess.
Sarin sighs. “The key thing to say is that change is hard. The things people were trying to protect were the legacy things. Do we have to be in Japan or do we have to write off $40 billion on the balance sheet? Do we want to sell the US as there’s lots of growth there? These are difficult decisions. If you just go with the tide, things are easier, but you are not building for the long term.”
Sarin’s determination has won him admirers. Sir Martin Sorrell, chief executive at WPP, whose ad agencies work closely with Vodafone, says: “It’s how we handle the tough things in life that defines us.” He suggests that Sarin’s long experience of American business, where one individual often holds the combined role of chief executive and chairman, may have left him at a disadvantage in adapting to the British system.
Bond, who replaced MacLaurin as chairman last year, says the key now is to get connected with investors and have a plausible investment proposition. “And Arun understands where the industry is going better than anyone I have come across.”
Many, however, wonder why Sarin has stuck it out. He is independently wealthy, he has lovely homes in California and Hawaii, where he likes to surf. He relocated his family here but he doesn’t need the hassle.
Last year’s return to Vodafone of former high flyer Vittorio Colao as deputy chief executive prompted fresh rumours that he would soon be off.
But that underestimates Sarin’s need to prove a point. Born the second son in an Indian army family that lost most of its wealth after partition in 1947, he had already come a long way from Bangalore before finding success in America. He is not going to quit Britain as a failure.
And as Bond points out, few know telecoms better. Sarin first looked at mobiles as an MBA graduate at the Pacific Telesis phone company in San Francisco in 1984. He later rose to become No 2 at its mobile offshoot, AirTouch, and made millions when it was sold to Vodafone in 1999.
So coming back to run Vodafone was an opportunity to finish old AirTouch business, and head a world-beating company in extraordinary times. “I felt,” says Sarin, “that I had to help develop the firm into a genuinely international company.”
Any regrets? “No,” he says gently, “no regrets.” Though he doesn’t think he will run a big company again.
“I think my next phase will take me into seriously big investing.” Then he laughs.
“Just having a little more control over a company . . . ” I get his point.
ARUN SARIN’S WORKING DAY
THE Vodafone chief executive wakes at 5.45am at his home in Surrey.
“I have a coffee and yoghurt for breakfast and am picked up at 6.45,” says Arun Sarin. He then fields calls from colleagues during the hour-long drive to Newbury. “It’s an open hour, anyone can call.”
Meetings at head office start at 8am. Sarin concentrates on strategy, resource allocation, people and performance issues. He has eight senior executives reporting to him. He also meets business partners, politicians, regulators and shareholders. He works until 6.30pm, then fields more calls during the drive home. He travels abroad for half of his time.
VITAL STATISTICS
Born:October 21, 1954
Marital status:married, with two children
School:King George’s Military School, Bangalore
Universities:Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur; University of California, Berkeley
First job:management consultant
Salary package:£3.2m
Homes:St George’s Hill, Surrey; San Francisco; Hawaii
Car:silver Mercedes 600
Favourite book:The World is Flat, by Thomas Friedman
Favourite music:The Beatles, Tchaikovsky
Favourite film:Jurassic Park
Favourite gadget:Vodafone McLaren mobile phone by Sharp
Last holiday:Provence
DOWNTIME
ARUN SARIN relaxes by playing golf with other bosses like McLaren’s Ron Dennis. “I play off a 15 handicap. We often play 5-5-10 – £5 for the first nine, £5 for the second nine and £10 for the match.”
He also collects art by Californian impressionists. “They were American guys who trained in Paris and then came back and painted landscapes in California.” And Sarin likes to get involved with his wife in philanthropy. “We endow a chair here and there,” he says.
When at his holiday home in Hawaii, he also enjoys surfing. He is probably the only boss in the FTSE 100 who is a proficient stand-up surfer.
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but with 230m customers and $15b income why are V shares only £1.60?
Dave, Brighton, UK
There are few high profile persons born, educated like Shri Arun Sarin who built up on the World Stage - 20 years in India, 28 years in USA and 4 years in UK and holding the top positions in the Modern Mobile developing Industry. There would always criticism from the people out of 100% one can chose, He made profits in AIR TOUCH US as No. 2 in the company in 1999 and then he joined Vodafone Company in 2003. Everyone should understand during this period there has been turmoil in the industry like .com boom and burst until 2002-3 and one can see even these days what is happening. Market has to be seen world wide scale. He makes the strategies, somewhere losses or somewhere gains it is a reality in the modern business world. He entered now in TURKEY AND INDIA - VODAFONE/ESSAR and now aiming to enter in Sth Africa-emerging markets. One can see his personal busy schedule and nothing is achieved without STRENUOUS HARD WORK and he has been achieving and and he is just 52 years.
SATYAPAL, Friern Barnet, UK
Vodafone has new competition in iPhone and Sony , MS are to followed ..lets see how Mr Sarin deal with unconventional competition
360view4u.co.uk, reading, uk
I feel Proud for a Indian to lead The Worlds' Largest Mobile Giant & to see how he has Grown & Stabilized himself & brought the company to show Profits inspite of so much trouble inside the company.
ASPrasad, Reading/Bangalore, India