Valentine Low
Win VIP tickets

Set against the tumult of the economic downturn, the announcement that an obscure factory in East Anglia is to close with the loss of 60 jobs is hardly the most momentous news.
It is not just any old factory, though; it is our last real link with a device that changed the shape of the 20th century and occupies more of our leisure time than any other man-made object.
When the Sanyo UK factory in Lowestoft shuts next month, Britain will no longer make televisions. The nation that invented television and pioneered its use as a broadcasting medium will have to leave that to other countries.
The Lowestoft plant, which once employed 350 workers and turned out 500,000 sets a year, was owned by Philips before Sanyo bought it in 1982, and before that Pye. Pye, Decca, Murphy, Dynatron and HMV; back in the Fifties and Sixties, when no one would even dream of buying a foreign set, those were the names people thought of when thinking of televisions.
The most evocative name of all was Baird. On January 26, 1926, John Logie Baird invited members of the Royal Institution — and a man from The Times — to a laboratory in Soho, Central London, to witness a demonstration of his new invention.
“The image as transmitted was faint and often blurred,” reported The Times, cautiously, “but substantiated the claim that through the ‘televisor’, as Mr Baird has named his apparatus, it is possible to transmit and reproduce instantly the details of movement, and such things as the play of expression on the face.”
From there to John Sergeant cavorting around on Strictly Come Dancing is perhaps not such a huge leap, but the televisions Britons watch now are manufactured several thousand miles away.
There is still a Baird around today; he is Iain Baird, the grandson of the Scots inventor and curator of television at the National Media Museum in Bradford. “It is a sad day,” said Mr Baird. “My grandfather would be very disappointed that Britain has lost the manufacturing side.”
Back in the day Britain led the way in television manufacture. It may not have been the version pioneered by John Logie Baird – rivals soon came along with improved alternatives – but during the late Thirties Britain had more televisions than anywhere else. “Before the war Britain had more than 20,000 sets,” said Mr Baird. “That was more than Germany had, and more than the United States had. They were the two other countries that were getting into television.
“There were at least 30 manufacturers in the postwar years. All the TV sets that were being watched in the country would have been made here. I don’t think any sets were imported at all. It was in the early Seventies that things started to go wrong.”
The beginning of the end came during the early days of colour television, when Sony came up with its Trinitron system, which produced a sharper picture. British manufacturers began to struggle; their sets were just not as good.
The reliability of domestic sets was often a problem. “Quite often you would buy one of these sets, get it in the living room and turn it on, and it would not work,” said Mr Baird. “There were some sets that were called curtain-burners because of the heat they generated.”
LCD and plasma screens accelerated the decline. Expensive at first, they soon dropped in price, and manufacturers of old-fashioned cathode ray tube sets – big and heavy, not sleek and flat – found it impossible to compete against cheap foreign imports.
As Noel Salmon, vice-president of Sanyo Industries, said: “The current economic situation and price competitiveness have resulted in insufficient orders for the company to remain viable, despite major investment on both product and manufacturing technology.
“The introduction of LCD television imports, primarily from China, Turkey and Eastern Europe, created . . . pressure on UK and other EU manufacturers. Most have now closed and transferred their manufacturing to countries with low wage economies. There appears to be no realistic prospect of an upturn in commercial business for at least the next two years.” For the British television manufacturing industry, however, that is several years too late.
Eighty years of highlights
1925 John Logie Baird, below, gives first public demonstration of
television
1927 The BBC is granted a Royal Charter
1936 First “high-definition” broadcasts begin
1946 Licence fee of £2 introduced
1949 Television signal range extends beyond London
1953 The Coronation attracts about 27 million viewers
1954 Daily news bulletins begin. First TV weatherman, George Cowling,
also appears
1955 Independent television begins
1958 Households with a TV outnumber those with just a radio
1962 First slow-motion replay in British, during Grand National
coverage
1964 BBC Two launches
1967 BBC Two broadcasts in colour. BBC One and ITV follow in 1969
1970 Mexico World Cup finals are the first to be shown live and in
colour in the UK
1976 Colour sets outnumber black and white ones
1982 Channel 4 starts broadcasting
1989 Sky Television begins satellite broadcasting
1996 Frank Bruno v Mike Tyson boxing match the first pay-per-view event
on British TV
1998 Digital terrestrial TV and widescreen format broadcasts begin
2001 BBC shows first interactive programme on its digital service
2006 First high-definition broadcasts
Sources: University of Leicester; tvhistory.co.uk ; birth-of-tv.org
Win a luxury weekend to Newcastle and its neighbour Gateshead, find out more here
Risk, resilience and embracing new technology
Industry sectors news at a glance. Interactive heatmap, video and podcast
Discover the power of collective thinking. Submit a solution and be in with a chance to win a Media Hub Home Entertainment System
The inside track on current trends in the charity, not for profit and social enterprise sectors
Everything the Business Traveller needs to know to make a better trip
Make the most of the summer and enter our fabulous photographic competition, you could win a £5000 holiday
Corsica is an island of beauty and contrast, an ideal holiday destination
Enjoy further reading from Travel to Fashion, Business to Sport, discover more
Shortcuts to help you find sections and articles
The clever way to lease a new car is with Car leasing made simple™
2009
per month on 36-month
Personal Contract Hire (PCH)
2008
42850
Car Insurance
£23,093 - £56,211
The Office for National Statistics
Newport, South Wales
£60,000
The Environment Agency
Bristol
Up to £90K
Boots
Midlands
OTE £85k
Credit Protection Association
Nationwide Opportunities
Completely London
Luxury Condo's in Manhattan with NYC views
The best new homes in Wimbledon?
Nationwide
Fabulous Cruise And Cruise & Stay Offers Including Virgin Atlantic Flights Prices Start From Only £699pp!
Last Minute Cruise And Cruise & Stay Offers. Med From £499pp, Caribbean From £699pp!
5 star quality at a 3 star price.
8 fabulous Canadian cities ...you won’t find cheaper
Contact our advertising team for advertising and sponsorship in Times Online, The Times and The Sunday Times, or place your advertisement.
Times Online Services: Dating | Jobs | Property Search | Used Cars | Holidays | Births, Marriages, Deaths | Subscriptions | E-paper
News International associated websites: Globrix Property Search | Property Finder | Milkround
Copyright 2009 Times Newspapers Ltd.
This service is provided on Times Newspapers' standard Terms and Conditions. Please read our Privacy Policy.To inquire about a licence to reproduce material from Times Online, The Times or The Sunday Times, click here.This website is published by a member of the News International Group. News International Limited, 1 Virginia St, London E98 1XY, is the holding company for the News International group and is registered in England No 81701. VAT number GB 243 8054 69.
Yet another step towards becoming a very cold manufacturing free banana republic on the edge of Europe.
Dave, Chorley,
By being cheapskates who are unwilling to pay more for quality, we have paid for cheaper foreign products and put many of our companies out of business. If there was a famine we would starve because we import cheap food, and other countries would stop exporting it. We should care for our farmers.
Chris, Suffolk, UK
No country or people who have every embraced new cominism (socialism) has EVER prospered but rather have dscendec into incompetence corruption and violence.
Goebells said the people must be protected from the consequences of believeing the lie.!945 general election needs repenting of.
G Blezard, London, uk
Robert Hitchcock: How I love Americas rewriting of history!
It is an undisputed fact that Baird designed, patented and built the television first, displaying it a full 3 years before Farnsworth's inferior version.
Chris, Warrington, Great Britain
UK companies are too often complacent, parochial and amateurish, and so they go bust. Now add public sector job losses and financial incompetence into the toxic mix and you have the recipe for a serious social collapse.
If I had money I'd leave before the riots start.
C Smith, Norwich, UK
Loewe and Metz engineer and make high-quality TVs in Germany ( like Miele with washing machines, dishwashers). Philips has a modern TV plant in Hamburg and Sony in Salzburg, Austria. Siemens TVs are imported. Poland, Czechia, Slovakia have many TV assembly plants.
djames, Manchester, England
If it were true that we had stopped making TVs I think that would be something to be proud of.
Frank Upton, Solihull,
Lowe
But they probably don't manufacture anything in Germany
Robin Northcott, Banbury, UK
If that picture of a woman producing a CRT screen is what passes for modern British TV production, then it should come as no great surprise that production has moved elsewhere.
Julian, Twickenham, UK
So is this story about the demise of the CRT based TV? This is nothing new and has been on the cards for some time now-
technology moves on and so must the manufacturers.
For the record, Toshiba still manufacture TVs in Plymouth, Devon, and as far as I am aware, Devon is in Britain!
Seth, Plymouth, Devon
So what about the Toshiba Factory in Plymouth? They still produce televisions there. So no, the UK has not stopped producing TVs entirely. (I don't work for Toshiba)
Brian, Plymouth, UK
Germany and Japan are not where TVs imported into the UK are made. Japanese companies have been enthusiastic sourcers of products from China and Eastern European countries owing to the strong yen. As for Germany, does anyone know of a German TV manufacturer?
Chris May, London, England
Tom - 3 hr wages for a nice new tv, is that a really cheap tv or just you get paid alot more than most ;)
I personally think we need to move forward in this country, being at the cutting edge end of renewable energy, incorporating energy efficiency and becoming a world leader in this area...
John, London, UK
Germany and Japan may not be noted for low wages but they are noted for building quality products that may cost more in the short term but are cheaper in the long term
Luke, London, UK
Television, as we know it today, was invented by Philo Taylor Farnsworth who was a "farm boy", from Utah USA.
Baird, Vladimir Kosma Zworykin etc. were working on the same thing, but Farnsworth's invention was the first that worked and displayed a picture electronically.
Robert Hitchcock, Redditch, England
The mechanical television demonstrated by JLB was technically inferior to the cathode ray technology developed in the united states and proved a commercial disater. Hardly a good start...
andrew, london, uk
Yep, we invented a lot and were the first at many things. So what did we do? Rested on our laurels, cut back on investment/privatised and watched as the rest of the world overtook us. Genius.
JT, Singapore, Singapore
We don't make anything. Look at our trade deficit and weep.
Roger Slade, winchester,
My grandfather, a friend of Baird, a fellow Scot, told me Baird showed him a 3d 600 line colour TV in the 40's. No glasses needed-sitting in a certain area sufficed.
As with Colossus, TV was beyond the mental scope of UK government. Else the TV and computer would have stayed primarily British.
iain, bedford, uk
This is an icon of the decline of the UK economy. Almost total reliance on City slickers gambling away fortunes.
Government can guarantee any amount of lending - it will all end up supporting jobs elsewhere in the world. The economy will change but it will be very, very painful.
Eddie Reader, birmingham, england
So much for moving the UK out of manufacturing and into the Service Industry in the 1980's. This is the result!
Pat, BOURNEMOUTH, United Kingdom
60 years ago, Land Rover, Jaguar cars ,Royal Enfieldmotorbikes, Murphy radiosets were the best. Whatever happened to that? Today Indian bikes, cars, radios, TVs have better quality but the Chinese are cheaper. Thankfully, the markets have rejected Chinese stuff here in India save a few bric-a-brac
Ramesh yer, Madras , India
Question, does the old CRT set use more or less electricity than an equivalent sized LCD or plasma?
Sue Doughty, Twyford, UK
This report highlights the dire plight of the UK. The TV is one of many products no longer manufactured here Cars, Ships ( bought from Germany - not noted for low wages), Trains, Motor Cycles, Planes - the list goes on. I cant see how it can be revived once the technical the skills are lost.
Pat, BOURNEMOUTH, United Kingdom
Very sad. If its any consolation, near where I live in San Diego, Sony shut down their Trinitron manufacturing facility in 2006. Twenty years ago, it was truly amazing to watch CRT assembly. Maybe three people supported their entire automated manufacturing line.
David Oakley, San Diego, USA
Our first TV in 1953 cost about 8 weeks wages for the average worker. Today you can buy the same size screen with colour and a remote for about 3 hours wages. Long live Japan and China!!
Tom Graham, Perth , Australia
It didn't have to be like this.
All we need is for government to focus on what could make this country great and wealthy. Everything else would follow from that - at least it can't be any worse than the social mess that now accompanies the economic mess.
M Carter, Leeds,