Tom Bawden in New York and Gary Duncan, Economics Editor
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America’s banking crisis reached new levels of hysteria yesterday as police ordered angry customers of IndyMac, a Californian bank on the brink of collapse, to remain calm or face arrest.
Police waded in to quell unrest among anxious IndyMac depositors as they queued outside the bank’s San Fernando Valley branch in a desperate attempt to withdraw their money.
The scenes reflected the growing panic that Americans are feeling over the safety of their savings, as every day brings a further dose of dire news about the deepening housing slump and the worsening outlook for US financial industries.
After the US Treasury moved at the weekend to throw an emergency $15 billion (£7.5 billion) funding lifeline to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the stricken giants that underpin a vast slice of American mortgage lending, fears that the US economic turmoil is entering a dangerous new phase also spilled over into London’s stock market, sending shares plunging again.
More than £30 billion was wiped off the value of Britain’s biggest companies as the FTSE 100 index of bluechip shares tumbled by another 128.5 points, or 2.4 per cent.
Yesterday’s close at 5,171.9 marked the lowest ebb for London’s stock market since October 2005, after leading shares earlier fell even further, touching lows not seen since the aftermath of the 7/7 terrorist attacks on the capital.
The steep losses came as investors took flight from shares amid anxieties that severe fallout from US financial upheavals will hit British banks and financial companies. Investors have now seen the FTSE plummet by more than a fifth over the past 12 months — and about £375 billion erased from the value of Britain’s bluechip shares over that period.
As economic jitters gripped America, Ben Bernanke, the chairman of the powerful US central bank, the Federal Reserve, emphasised that the United States is beset by threats to its prosperity.
Mr Bernanke told the US Congress that the danger of still higher inflation in America was growing even as the peril over a severe downturn mounted. “The possibility of higher energy prices, tighter credit conditions, and a still-deeper contraction in housing markets, all represent significant downside risks to the outlook for growth,” he said. “At the same, upside risks to the inflation outlook have intensified lately.”
But Mr Bernanke joined Henry Paulson, the US Treasury Secretary, in trying to soothe fears over the deepening financial fallout from America’s housing market slump for both banks and consumers. The fate of the housing market was “the most critical and central issue that we face”, he said.
His comments came as world markets’ worries over the US outlook sent the dollar falling sharply again on foreign exchanges, to record lows against the euro. However, shares on Wall Street rose as investors took some heart as oil prices sank by almost $7 a barrel as markets bet that a US slowdown will hit demand for crude.
Mr Paulson also moved to try to prop-up the plunging shares in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, by insisting that the US Government would move in to buy stock in the crucial mortgage guarantee companies only if this was vital to keeping them afloat.
Shares in the two companies have continued to tumble after the US Treasury said that it was ready to inject billions of dollars of taxpayers’ funds to save them, but that this would be backed by a new issue of shares that it would then hold. Such a move would “dilute” the shares left to existing investors, severely cutting the value of their stakes in Fannie and Freddie. However, Mr Paulson said that there were “no immediate plans” for the $15 billion lifeline thrown to the two groups to be taken up, or for the new shares to be issued.
His comments came as shares in Fannie and Freddie dived further as one ratings agency that benchmarks the companies’ financial strength downgraded their assessment. Fannie shares fell by as much as 30 per cent yesterday and Freddie’s by 34 per cent, before rebounding slightly to stand 15 per cent and 15.5 per cent lower, respectively, by early afternoon.
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>>Ha, i'm down to 130 useless Amerikan dollars in my checking account and the rent is due August fifth. Too bad it won't cover that.<<
If you spend your whole paycheck before rent is due, what do you expect?
Matt, Dallas, USA
The headline itself represents agenda-driven, nonsensical pseudo-reporting. It's a lot more DRAMATIC-sounding to say "Panic in America" than to call it what it really was - "Panic of a Few in Santa Monica, CA." The one above is right - these "headlines" are getting as bad as the BBC's!
Tim Whittington, Cedar Park,
Hey, it's not that bad here in Amerika, we can eat tomatoes again! Gosh! Ha, i'm down to 130 useless Amerikan dollars in my checking account and the rent is due August fifth. Too bad it won't cover that. Why this world persistsis an "unknown, unkown" to me. Hey, Rumsfeld, got some aspartame?
Richard Cannon, Brokeville, USA
The taxpayers are bailing out the elite....again.
Kim, Dallas, TX
MR Bernanke & Mr Paulson has asked for a blank check to prop up Freddie & Fannie. They were asked by the smarter ones at the meeting who is going to back this blank check? it finally came out that TAX payers would be left with the debt, to give the Bush administration an escape route.
Daphne Kenward, Cambridge, UK
Its a smart move to tell people they will garantee $100,000. If there is a family of 4 2 children & 2 adults with 25,000 National debt each it amounts to $100,000. So you dont get anything back those who never had anything still owes 25,000 each all 300ML people. The US dollar has lost 95% its value
Daphne Kenward, Cambridge, UK
I watched the Secretary of the FED in a meeting about FREDDIE & FANNIE he bluffed his way out of questions he could not answer. Now they are going away to think if FANNIE & FREDDIE can be saved by a BLUFF, there is no money to secure FANNIE & FREDDIE, and TAX payers money will have to back the debt.
Daphne Kenward, Cambridge, UK
The headline makes it sound like there is a country-wide panic, rather than the concern of a small but visible (and photogenic!) segment of people in a localized area.
Ben Hoff, New Jersey, USA
Americans often hear the Government say it "guarantees" their bank deposits. While such assurances are intended to keep depositors from panicking, the well is not infinitely deep. When the water in the well becomes exhausted, the likely result will be the freezing of deposits. No one knows when.
Ronald, Los Angeles., USA
The United States economy, taken as a whole, is run just like ENRON. It will share the same fate.
Robbie, Rosendale, NY, USA
I can remember back in the roaring 20's the ones who gave us the federal reseve bank. SAying that with the fed bank running the show we would never have another crash! and then we got the depression of the 30's. and then the federal reseve bank took control of the currency of America. WE have replay
Stephen Jones, smallville, USA
I guess there is an idea for a TV reality show. You pay $100,000 to compete, the producers deposit your money in failing banks, and your team's task is to race from bank to bank trying to get it out again.
By the time Russian TV picks up the show it will be ten roubles in a tin can.
jon livesey, Sunnyvale, CA/USA
The "Little Man" hs nothing to fear if he stands on line and acts like a gentleman. Separate accounts of 100,000K or less are insured - so people with much more would be insured if they followed Federal Depository Insurace rules which define "separate". Inciting panic will result in arrest.
Lilly, NYC, USA
All this problem with people taking out money will cause them to fail faster, which most banks need to do. A good friend of mine is a Bank Manager, he told me if banks worked on a 2% loan for cars, a 4% on mortgages and 2% on credit cards, they would still MAKE PLENTY OF MONEY.
Bob, Stratford, USA
Many people feel impowered, they feel great, they think this is the salvation. But this is infact the begining of the end. Politicans dont worry about the future but for the next 10 years.
No one looked into the 20th CENTURY, they did not need to.
But all EMPIRES die because something kills it off
Daphne Kenward, Cambridge, UK
I remember US posts here finding the Qs outside Northern Rock branches amusing and commenting on the TinPot dictatorship nature of such scenes. I don't find Qs outside IndyMac branches remotely funny - and neither will earlier US posters if Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are hastened to an early demise
Jonathan, Farnham, GB
History in the making. The western world is learning most governments are fundamentally incompetent.
For decades, UK, USA govts sat back and watched private and public debt reach bankruptsy levels. Solvency is now decades away. Democracy needs meritocratic govt. Not self seekers.
Leigh Vernier, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
What stupid people. The financial system is imploding under the weight of it's own greed and self indulgence and they are trying get their money out. How can they not believe their own government when it says it will protect them? After all, when did you last hear of your government lying to you?
martyn, calvia, spain
I would say to Bill Peter, right you are. We all know it too. The government has evolved to serve its corporate masters and special interests first, second, and third and anyone who doesn't like it is arrestable or in prison..
Brian Stewart, los angeles, Ca
Panic in America? One branch at one bank where some people stood in line to get their money. By the time the Times reported this, the line had already cleared. Most of the depositors are fully insured. Hence, most customers did not show up in line.
You're headlines are getting as bad as the BBC.
Paul Huntington, Southern California, USA
Totally ridiculous, just people looking for something to do on a hot July day. Interviews with "panicked" people in line at IndyMac, all of whom acknowledge they have far less in the bank than the $100,000 for which their deps are federally insured. People being silly, feeding the news machine.
Jim Houghton, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Government, regulators, bankers - all deep in denial.
The only people who appear to be rational are standing in line...
Michael, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand
As usual, the American authourities protect the interests of the "little man" by threatening to arrest him.
Bill Peter, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia