Christine Seib, Miles Costello and Gabriel Rozenberg
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Barclays emerged last night as the financial institution that borrowed £1.6 billion from the Bank of England’s credit facility – the second time this month that the high street bank has had to obtain emergency funding from the UK’s lender of last resort.
Barclays said that a technical glitch with the market settlement system forced it to turn to the central bank for funds. The identity of the bank with a £1.6 billion shortfall galvanised the City yesterday, coming amid renewed concerns about the willingness of banks to lend to one another.
Concern over solvency after the credit crisis have sent the cost of some borrowing between banks soaring. The London Interbank Offered Rate (Libor), at which banks lend between each other for 90 days, rose yesterday to 6.63 per cent. With the base rate expected to stay at 5.75 per cent over the next three months, analysts said that the huge premium for borrowing was a sign that banks were refusing on a huge scale to lend to one another, despite the clear opportunity for profit.
The loan on Wednesday night was the third-largest borrowing from the Bank of England this year, exceeded only by a £3.9 billion loan in June and a £1.9 billion loan in July. The Bank has granted short-term credit worth almost £10 billion this year.
Barclays accessed the Bank’s so-called standby facility after a mal-function at Crest caused the electronic settlement system’s interface with the Bank of England to fail at 2.30pm on Wednesday. When the system restarted at 3.30pm, Barclays, one of the UK’s biggest clearing banks, saw that it had a sterling shortfall.
All banks must ensure that their Bank of England accounts are in the black by 4.20pm. Sources said that Barclays tried to borrow in the wholesale market but failed, in part because of other banks’ reluctance to lend at any cost. Potential lenders were also hampered by their own problems with Crest, which made it difficult for them to see whether they had surplus cash to offload.
A statement from Barclays last night played down the significance of the borrowing, saying: “At the end of the day there was excess liquidity in the money markets where bank reserves were larger than bank borrowings. There are no liquidity issues in the UK markets. Barclays itself is flush with liquidity. In these challenging times the dramatisation of such situations is of no help to markets, their members or their customers.”
A spokesman for Euroclear, the owner of the Crest system, said yesterday that no client had reported any settlement problems. "We were back to normal within an hour," the spokesman said. "To ease clients' end-of-day transaction processing, we extended our deadline by an hour.”
It is not unusual for banks to use the Bank of England’s facility, but tension any settlement problems. “We were back to normal within an hour,” the spokesman said. “To ease clients’ end-of-day transaction processing, over the use of emergency credit has mounted in the wake of the turmoil gripping the international credit markets and the expectation that a medium-sized banking player might struggle to raise short-term finance.
A number of British banks have been hit as investors desert the markets for asset-backed commercial paper and syndicated leveraged loans.
This month Barclays was forced to borrow £314 million from the Bank of England after HSBC could not process a last-minute request for a loan in time for Barclays to settle its account at the Bank.
Speculation yesterday that Barclays was behind the latest borrowing sent the bank's shares down 21/2p to 5971/2p each. The Bank of England's facilty lends at a penalty rate of 6.75 per cent. The Bank has asked banks not to talk about their use of the facility.
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If you really dont understand whats going on, check wikipedia, then speak, better yet, read a book, or the BoE website.
Brian, a bank would not lend you $2billion, dont be stupid, they;ll lend you a few thousand though, compare your earnings to barclays.
Kumar, Yes, Barclays had to go to the BoE when there was a technical glitch, thats what the BoE is for.
Ian, Banks wont lend money to each other at the moment, under any circumstance, which is why Barclays funded the deal itself.
Albert, Technical glitch made them, and he ran becuase he just lost a fortune.
Steve, the BoE prints new money, it doesnt borrow from the tax payer.
The crdits markets have siezed because no one is sure where the SP losses are, so risk cannot be priced.
If risk cannot be priced, the deal cannot be done, simple really.
Dominic, Manchester, UK
the FED, the BOE, they are not''bailing out 'anyone. They are doing the only thing they can do. making loans available for a shortterm (usually a couple of days) against good debt. agrade mortgages etc, they are not bailing out, injecting capital or any shch nonsense. they are allowing these banks who are choking on bad debt to sell off assetts and avoid bankruptcy.
steve rogers, Sunshine Coast, Australia
How about I lend you some money, then you can lend me more money, then I can then lend you even more money. This way, we all make money. When a banking system is built in such a way, it will inevitably collapse.
Farrukh, Woking, UK
Ha Ha, And these characters want to take over the conveyancing 'market' (note not service anymore). And I think I would advise them to ask Mr. Brown whether "...he's got a nice Serious Fraud Office to sell us Guv...." Ha ha ha ha ....
Pete Balchin, Solicitor , Bristol, UK
How strange none of these technical glitches have caused problems in the past. Its a bit like the debtors 'cheques in the post' excuse, and twice to the same bank. Not a sign to inspire confidence.
Dudley Holley, Thorpe Bay, UK
Creating more and more future inflation that we will all pay.
gian piero , d'amico, italy
I feel sure one of the main actors will get a knighthood. The Peter Principal and Buggins Law still reign supreme in the City.
Desmond Taylor, Houston, USA Tx
£1.6 BILLION!!! .... and if I inadvertently go beyond my overdraft limit when one of my cheques is presented for payment with no CLEARED funds to meet it (even though those funds may technically already be in my account) my cheque is bounced and I get charged thirty quid for my trouble!! The vast majority of bank customers have no idea that the clearing banks run on only 5% liquidity levels. Therefore if there was a sudden run on the banks, due to a panic and crisis as in the 1930's, and everybody suddenly wanted to withdraw all their money, the banks only have enough liquidity to meet 5% of their obligations to customers. If such a panic did ensue, the government / Bank of England would have no option but to declare a "Bank Holiday", and the banks would remain closed - possibly for a number of days or even weeks, and customers would not be able to withdraw their cash. This situation did actually happen in the 1930's.
Skint, London,
As a lay member of the public I see our Bank of England (BOE)bailing out a commercial bank with taxpayers money. It is we that pay the price of pumping this liquidity into a cauldron of explosive financial arrangements. The BOE should be letting fingers get burnt with bonuses being scrapped for the inept lending behaviour that was driven by greed. TURNOVER IS VANITY, PROFIT IS SANITY, BUT CASH IS THE REALITY!
Steve Marchant, Torquay, Devon
It's strange that the bailout, despite not being an act of charity, just happened to come from the parent company of the troubled fund.
You'd think that with all the competition (and liquidity) around, they could have shopped around and got a better deal?
Ian, Gloucester,
The explanation for the requirement for the £1.6 bn given in an earlier report was that the need arose as a result of the Crest settlement glitch on Wednesday at 2.30 pm when that system was down for an hour. If this later report is correct it might suggest there could have been comingling of the Cairn finance with other settlements through Crest, rather than separate designated accounts. Banks tend to prefer their client funding requirements to be specific and not later switched between projects, though confusion in the reporting might be the explanation for any apparent dissonance.
dr venables preller, Warminster, UK
If they're really flush with liquidity then why borrow at such punitive rates?.. and twice in a month... and their head of Structured Finance has disappeared. It does look a little suspicious.
Albert Hall, Blackburn, Lancashire,
It is quite clear to even small investors like me that after Bob Diamond joined Barclays, risk profile of the bank has changed dramatically. All these deals involving hedge funds and special investment vehicles were based on high risk high reward scenario. But Mr Diamond who earns record bonuses in the City had failed to read the small print "prices can go up as well as down". Now it has emerged that ABN is likely to be out of reach for Barclays because of its share price performance. Increasing the cash offer is unlikely because the bank is approaching the lender of last resort for even small technical glitches in the clearing system let alone any large M&A deals. Indirectly larger banks like HSBC are gaining competitive advantage without even raising a finger.
Personally I think it is time for the bank for some blue sky thinking and come up with sustainble strategies for the sake of the owners of the business who are the real risk takers.
Kumar Kumarendran, London, UK
I wonder if any bank would lend me two billion dollars for a month or two? It is quite a safe proposition as I would immediately ask the bank of England for help if anything went wrong. Could I fail?
Brian Lewis, Manila, Philippines
'Capitalism without financial failure is not Capitalism but a kind of Socialism for the rich.' James Grant.
I would add; payed for by a massive injection of fiat currency. The next Greater Depression here we come. You ain't seen nothing yet!
Terry Candy, Croydon, England