Joe Bolger, Rhys Blakely and Agencies
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Central bankers around the world waded in to support the global banking system again today as stock markets plunged on fears of a massive credit crunch.
On Wall Street, the Dow Jones gave up as much as 200 points in early trading. It later made good some of those losses on news that the US Federal Reserve had injected a fresh $35 billion (£17 billion) into the money markets. Globally, central banks pumped some $120 billion of extra liquidity into financial markets in efforts to avoid an all-out collapse.
Nevertheless, almost £56 billion was wiped from the value of London’s largest companies. The FTSE 100 Index fell more than 3.7 per cent - its biggest percentage decline in more than four years, as the crisis in the American sub-prime mortgage market spilled into other classes of assets.
The FTSE 100 closed 232.9 points lower at 6038.3 - its lowest close since March last year.
The FTSE 250, which includes smaller companies and is often seen as a better indication of the state of the UK economy, was 303.6 points lower at 10,908.5.
In an effort to calm the markets it is understood that the US Federal Reserve injected $19 billion into the financial system in a first operation, which was followed by a further $16 billion in a second. Yesterday it provided an estimated $24 billion (£12 billion). The Central Bank of Canada also intervened in money markets.
Those actions followed the lead of the European Central Bank which earlier today lent €61 billion (£41.3 billion) to the eurozone banking system, in addition to the €95 billion it provided yesterday to 49 banks in unprecedented emergency action by the Frankfurt-based institution. It was the highest level of support since that provided in the aftermarth of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on America.
The ECB's move takes the form of a series of 3-day loans, which need to be repaid on Monday.
The latest ECB injection brings to more than £135 billion the amount central bankers have pumped into the system in the past 24 hours. Requests by banks for a further €49 billion of ECB loans were left unsatisfied.
Overnight, the Bank of Japan injected the equivalent of £4.1 billion, and the Reserve Bank of Australia pumped in A$4.95 billion (£2.1 billion).
But these failed to stop panic selling around the world. London's blue chip shares continued to fall sharply today. By mid afternoon the FTSE 100 index, which had fallen more than 200 points, was 190 lower in heavy trading.
France's CAC-40 index was down 1.21 per cent, at 5,559.68. Germany's DAX index was down 1.29 per cent at 7,357.58.
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To put it very simply: It's the confirmation of diminishing disposable incomes in the developed world. Banks understandibly want to increase profits BUT their customer base sees decreasing disposable income driven by the reduction of industrial output. We increase the sale of services promote expenditure and facilitate credit because goods are actually cheaper now because John Doe was fired and the goods are imported more cheaply from overseas. John Doe still needs to live though and needs to buy a house. We buy overseas products with our credit card the money pays for the overseas factory and workers and the service providers (the seller and the bank) With the money we save from not having to pay for John Doe's work for the products we invest in the stockmarket in companies that fund sub prime rates i.e. loan money to John Doe so that he may buy his house. Eventually John Doe runs out of money. Just think of the Argentina crisis only that "Argentina" is a growing part of the populat
george, London, UK
Everyone google Financial Sense University and all shall be revealed. The Americans are in complete denial of the fracus that has been caused by the exuberant mortgage derivative market. The UK seems to think it is immune from the contagion effect. The Europeans seem to think that given its distance from the US markets it is not contagious. The Japanese are about to demolish the carry trade. Money supply is in double digits in all countries, the central banks are trying to control the stock markets via this regime i.e, they want expotential returns on the stock market to counter act the debacle in the mortgage markets. The Bank of England is peddling lies after lies, the underlying cost to the standard of living has reason so much that it equates an inflation rise from 2.4% to 3.1% as significant in order for it to control inflation. But how much is an increase of that much in £ - negligble. So why increase interest rates? because its the only way to control Government Expense.
Jay, Harrow,
Mr Greenspan, what have you got to say?
cww, Ipswich,
Now let the harvest begin.
ADScott, Bangkok, Thailand
Hope the ECB's not lending to er... more bad risks...
cww, Ipswich,
What if this cash injection is not sufficient?
There is not even one single person who can say with any degree of certainty the level of bad debt due to the global property boom.
We could be in for a period of stagnation!
Costas Papadopulos, London,
I am sorry to be incredibly stupid but could someone explain in simple terms why so much short-term money is suddenly needed by the European banks today and how these loans will be repaid on Monday.
Gerry Lynch, Chichester,
The financial world, in recent history, has been awash with liquidity. And NOW an urgent infusion of additional liquidity to stabilize a fomenting financial cauldron brewing a soup of monetary inflation. Price of goods will next be infected with greater escalation of consumer cost. A unknowing time of financial fall-out we live in today!
L P VALLUZZO, EAST HAMPTON, USA Connecticut
Frustratingly, the stockmarket dealers in the City and elsewhere will still come out of this catastrophic drop in stock values, filthilly rich and stinking with our money!
Maxadolf, Epsom, UK
The indigestion after the party. So what is new?
Kara Swart, London, UK
So the banks have lent money to bad risks (to make another buck), they haven't paid up, and you're suprised?
Should be your ass that's stinging...
Tighten up your debt recovery, take less risks in the name of extra profit.
Bill Bird, Wallasey, Wirral