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Mervyn King, the Governor of the Bank of England, said that the banking sector faced a "painful adjustment" in the coming months and warned the Treasury Select Committee that if the credit crunch caused a downturn in the wider economy, it could spark a vicious circle.
Mr King was speaking as the Treasury announced that it was further entrenching its commitment to support Northern Rock by guaranteeing unsecured debt that the bank owes other institutions.
He said: "A painful adjustment faces the global banking sector over the next few months as losses are revealed and new capital is raised to repair bank balance sheets.
"Uncertainty about the possible scale and distribution of losses means that interbank lending rates have risen further relative to expected official interest rates."
Today the Bank held an auction of £11.35 billion to ease pressure in the credit markets, as part of a co-ordinated action between five central banks, including the US Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank.
Mr King said this morning: "We're saying to the markets: 'Yes, we understand the deterioration in sentiment in the credit markets' ... and we're determined to make whatever steps are necessary to make sure there is no downturn in the world economy."
He said that the most disturbing element of the credit crisis was the possibility that the lack of liquidity would lead to a "self-reinforcing downturn" in credit markets and the wider economy.
Mr King said that the big banks were "awash" with cash.
"The issue is not whether they have enough cash," he said. "The issue is whether they are willing to lend. Banks are concerned about the capital positions of the other banks."
Mr King also downplayed suggestions that the announcement today by the Treasury that it will guarantee a wider class of wholesale deposits increased the chances of nationalisation of Northern Rock.
He said that any nationalisation of the troubled lender would be a transitionary arrangement to return it to the private sector.
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In the past, the Government has put forward the view that the Britain's future is in financial services, and that other sectors, such as manufacturing did not matter. The Government did nothing to help MG Rover survive.
Is it not clear from the Northern Rock fiasco that the financial services sector damages the economy? It just appears arrogant that banks should be bailed out at taxpayers expense, while other sectors are left to disappear.
Robert, Wiiral, UK
Richard
Just to let you know WORLD does not vote for labour only people in uk , so let the lastdays of this Government show what they worth. and hope we get the right Gov next time.
DIPAK, leicester,
There's a word when banks have more debts than assets.
It's bank-rupt.
Frieda, Lincolnshire,
Why is it that, as a taxpayer, approximately £2000 has been lent to Northern Rock. A bad business model should be allowed to fail, as it would in any other industry. The shareholders should be those who take the pain. It is their comapny run by their management. They may wish to sue the directors for their failures, but that is all they are netitled to.
Is Mr King going to in a position that obliges him to us my tax payments to prop up another badly run business in the banking sector.
I pay taxes for public services (poor though they are) not to allow mis managed banks to be rescued
Tim Fitzsimmons, Rudgwick, UK
The banks have been greedy and now look to pay for their unprofessional actions. Loaning advances for mortgages to people that are bound to be in trouble when the economy takes the usual periodical downturn has been a stupid action and it looks as those who have savings, especially for old age, will also have to pay as it is bound to affect the value of the pound. In a normal market, tax payers money would not be allowed to be used to rescue reckless businesses and some banks must fall into this category.
B J Deller, Marbella, Spain
The latest 'credit crisis' is just another consequence of our 'get rich quick', 'get something for nothing', gambling culture.
Whether it is currency trading, the stock market , housing market or the national lottery people expect to be able to get rich without doing any productive work. But every winner needs a loser. Everyone cannot be a winner, and the current housing market is just like a huge pyramid scheme, in that the ones who buy in last before reality dawns loose most. Except that the ones who get caught are often the ones who need a house to live in.
The banks have played 'pass the parcel' with SIVs and sacrificed lending quality for revenue volumes and deserve no pity. The music has stopped and they are all having to open their parcels. Prudence and experience have been redundant banking values for nearly 2 decades. The results that they expected have become the consequences they should have forseen. Now we will all suffer in the resulting recession.
Ivor Anderson, Newcastle, Co. Down, UK
The Government has no business in this rescue. No bank should be given such backing by any public funded institution, especially ones like Northern Rock who, with their 125% LTV mortgages were reckless in their lending to say the least. Come on Bank of England, wake up and prove to the world you are fit for purpose.
Richard Stephens, Swansea, UK