Irwin Stelzer
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“PLEASE, SIR, can I have some more,” whinge the Oliver Twists on Wall Street. More interest-rate cuts from the Federal Reserve Board, a bigger portion of stimulus from the president and Congress, more direct relief for the housing market, a bail-out of bond insurers – you name it, and investors and bankers want more of it. Except for write-downs: the increased recognition of losses that nervous auditors are demanding is the one thing the bankers don’t want any more of piled onto their plates.
This desire for more doesn’t result from any recent deprivation: year-end bonuses have been generous. Rather, it is that toilers in the financial-services sector see lean times ahead, with even more lay-offs, and the value of their homes, especially second homes, dropping. In Britain, even modestly paid bankers who happen to be nondoms (foreigners resident in the UK, but planning to go home eventually) face a new annual tax of £30,000 on each family member, in addition to the UK taxes they now pay.
Worse still, the American economy seems to be in dire shape. Desmond Lachman, an economist at the American Enterprise Institute, expects “a more painful recession and one of longer duration than the nine months characterising the average postwar recession”, rather than one that is “relatively mild by historical standards”, as Goldman Sachs’ economists are predicting. Treasury secretary Hank Paulson says “the worst is just beginning” in the sub-prime mortgage market. “More economists signal recession”, said a headline in The Wall Street Journal.
Nor will the rest of the world be unaffected by America’s woes. The Financial Stability Forum (a group of leading central bankers) expects “further shocks . . . a prolonged readjustment which could be difficult”. BNP Paribas economists warn of “ever worse news ahead”. And the governor of the Bank of England, Mervyn King, warns that all of Britain will experience a “genuine reduction in our standard of living”.
We know three things with reasonable certainty. The first is that credit is more difficult to come by, both for businesses and consumers. Not because interest rates are unattractive to borrowers, but because lenders have become pickier about whose IOUs they are prepared to accept. Second, we know that the housing sector is in disarray, with foreclosures and inventories of unsold units rising, and prices falling. Finally, we know that the American economy is, at minimum, slowing, and possibly already in recession. So the investment bankers’ demands for “more” must be met: Ben Bernanke must cut interest rates, and the president must meet the demands of Senate Democrats to enhance the $168 billion stimulus package he signed last week.
Really? Consider each of those certainties in turn. To those who moan about a credit crisis, Warren Buffett, the legendary sage of Omaha, has this to say: “Money is available and it’s really quite cheap.” What he calls the “dumb money” might have stopped chasing risky investments, but cash is readily available for sound deals and to sound creditors.
As for the housing market, it is not at all clear that the problems are as severe as they have been made to seem. Yes, builders have built more homes than the market can now absorb. But interest rates are falling, government agencies have gained permission to be more active in the mortgage markets, lenders have agreed to renegotiate terms with hard-pressed sub-prime borrowers, and many local markets are doing well.
Indeed, the widely reported house-price indexes that are producing so much talk of price collapse are so imperfect that Charles Calormiris, an economist at New York’s Columbia University, says that “housing prices may not be falling as much as some economists say they are”. One index shows a decline of 4.5% between the third quarters of 2006 and 2007, while a similarly constructed and equally well-regarded index shows a rise of 1.8% in house prices across the nation in that period.
Finally, we come to the question of the condition of the American economy. Most economists and Wall Street analysts differ only slightly on this, with some saying a recession is already under way, and the others saying we have hit a period of zero growth. All, or almost all, seem to agree that hard times are here, that the overly indebted consumer has taken or will soon take to the sidelines, that businesses will, as a consequence, begin laying off staff and cutting spending.
But that’s not how the executives of big companies see things. Jurgen Hambrecht is chief executive of BASF, a giant manufacturer with sales of more than €50 billion (£37 billion), garnered by selling hundreds of thousands of products to a wide variety of industries. He told the press that he does not foresee an American recession, and that “I am glad to say that business in general does not show the panicking approach of the financial industry . . . I am sleeping well at night.”
Hambrecht is not alone. Executives at General Electric, Honeywell, Procter & Gamble, Kraft Foods and the ultimate owner of this paper, News Corp, are among the many who claim their businesses have never been better, that sales and profits are up, and that bookings are strong. The more cautious add “so far”.
If the economy is indeed stronger than high oil prices, housing woes, and slower job growth would lead us to believe, and if inflation is the looming threat that it increasingly seems to be, perhaps policymakers would do well to turn a deaf ear to the bankers who clamour for “more”. Better to stand pat until recent rate cuts and the new stimulus package take effect later this year.
Irwin Stelzer is a business adviser and director of economic policy studies at the Hudson Institute
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To Richard Morrison,
Re; stingy charity givers of the UK.
I would be fascinated to know how we compare to the rest of Europe pound for pound/euro in the amount we give. Secondly, how do you quantify the unpaid work we do? In a very small group of friends I can think of litter pickers/ conservation workers ( councils have seemingly abandoned these activities), school governors, volunteer interviewers for pupils going for their first jobs/work placements, those who visit and shop for the elderly, listen to children read in class,hospital friends/visitors, Chairman of one of the South's largest Arts Trust, Finance Director of a group of disability charities ... I could go on. Those who can't afford to give money give their time unstintingly
Mrs Lesley Byers, Bournemouth, uk
The bearish view has become as mainstream and unfactual as the positive one was only a year ago. Neither the press nor the government or economists are doing a good job at the moment of presenting FACTS. I still have to find even a haircut info anywhere about total size, mkt price(roughly, as per ABX) vs. likely default risk under various scenarios (e.g. housing -10/20/30%) BY TRANCHES (06 mezz.CDO's are toast, 02-05 senior subprime should be just fine thank you) compared to writedowns by co./finance industry sector/country, or even only a rough flow of funds idea on who the endbuyers, by tranches, truly were. Neither is anything similar presented on other ABS makts or the now famous crdit default swaps. Instead, depending on bias, everyone just speculates,opinionates and presents large figures totally out of context.
JB, London,
I was just thinking of writing of a pile of bad debt for my small company -not that I expect debtors not to pay me, but it will drop my profits a little and lower my tax bill.
I suggest four points-
1: are all these sub-prime mortgages going to default? -I think not. The increased mortgage I was given was spent wisely, and the increase in credit card limits is manageable;;
2: the fantasy world that is the world financial market has to keep stirring it's stolen money around, so it will invent a new vehicle to keep the circus moving. They have already started sucking money out of the Middle East & China with the crown-jewel sell-offs;
3: the central banks and weak governments are being conned; the current round of bonuses and objectively-colossal profit reports suggest that no-one in the industry is really at all worried.
4: the banks are all quite happy to make huge mistakes -providing they are all as dumb as each other, and equally incompetent.
colin mackenzie, glasgow, scotland
It seems an odd sort of recession/depression, in that most people are unaware of it and unaffected by it.
I hope all future economic catastrophes work out this way.
gb, Austin, USA
Why don't you just come clean. The problem is this: Bernanke cuts interest rates to provide a monetary stimulus to the economy. Result ? possible avoidance of recession, certain dollar devaluation and inflation (the Weimar solution). Maintain the value of the dollar by standing firm on interest rates: Result ? Complete collapse of the housing market, deficient demand in economy, unemployment, bankrupticies and severe downturn in the economy (the Volcker solution).
Neither solution is guaranteed to work and my own view is that a massive liquidity trap awaits the US economy and the result would be a long period of stagflation.
In short Bernanke is between a rock and a hard place. But it looks as though he is going for the inflationary option. In this way the US will write down its debts in a devalued currency.
What we are witnessing is the great American default. Those suckers holding trillions in dollars and dollar denominated assets are going to take a massive hit.
Frank Lee, Wallington, UK
Oh my goodness Irwin are you finally waking up to the fact that the US economy is up the creek without a paddle? Compared to your usual perma-bull guff that you generally trot out this is a real eye-opener. Things must be getting bad in the US if even you start to realize the fact........
Andy Hamilton, Nelson, NZ
If credit is harder to come by, then the over indebted consumer is on the ropes, unfortunately a lot of them dont realise it, we are looking at a deep recession
Rob Newby-Fraser, Hamilton, N Z
General Motors and other similar manufacturers speak a different story. Indeed the Fed need to keep a lid on inflation otherwise there could be a much deeper recession and further weakenning of the dollar.
Steve Marchant, Broadhempston, UK