Patrick Hosking: Business commentary
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Suppose the gloomsters are right. Suppose house prices do fall significantly. Suppose there really does have to be a significant adjustment to bring residential property values back towards their normal relationship with wages. How do we as a nation best get there?
Take a 20 per cent fall in average home prices from the present £197,000 to £158,000 over three years. That might sound cataclysmic, but it is not a particularly extreme outcome. Such a fall would bring prices back to levels of two years ago and would still leave the ratio between prices and earnings stretched by historic standards. But what would be the best path for such a fall? What would be optimal - or least damaging, anyway - for the wider economy? Is it better that prices should slide gently but continuously for three years? Or would a quicker and deeper plunge in year one, followed by two years of stability or even gently rising prices from a new lower base, be better?
It is a question that hasn't really been addressed. It is becoming more pressing, though, as the market turns. Figures yesterday from the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors show how quickly sentiment is souring. A very significant majority of estate agents are reporting falling prices. The volume of transactions is sliding, buyer inquiries are dwindling, while the stock of properties languishing unsold is rising.
It's not all doom and gloom. Sound demographics and supply constraints still provide underpinning. Taylor Wimpey said yesterday that while this spring would be subdued, the medium-term outlook was promising.
Conventional wisdom has it that a prolonged and gentle slide in prices would be preferable to a more sudden jolt. The latter would be too much of a shock, making people feel poorer and leading to a collapse in consumer spending, which accounts for two thirds of the economy. A sharp economic slowdown, a recession even, would be inevitable. Yet the former looks no picnic either. A prolonged period of shrinking wealth levels could be more painful still and ultimately lead to more economic damage. Employers might weather a short-lived shock without slashing jobs and pulling capital expenditure plans. Several grinding years of slow or no economic growth, however, could be worse for business confidence overall.
Given the choice between pain today and pain tomorrow, ministers, business leaders and consumers will usually opt for the latter. However, classical economics suggests that the quicker prices adjust to a new equilibrium, the better for efficiency, not to mention the millions of first-time buyers currently priced out of the market. A short, sharp shock might be the lesser of two evils. Just don't expect estate agents to agree.
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If there is such a huge demand for property, then why have the shares of housebuilders collapsed over the past year? Most are down 50-75% from their peaks. Is there a message in this?
J Barrows, Newcastle, uk
My brother works for george wimpey homes (Taylor Wimpey). They took an house as a part exchange in September and paid 160K. They let it go this week at auction for 135K after it had been on the market with huge incentives for 4 months with no bids. They are planning for a 7% fall in average prices this year apparently, although you wouldn't think so after looking at the cost of their new homes, which are tiny by the way.
Craig, Pontefract,
When I lived in Berkhamsted back in the early 90s it took 23 months to sell my house and the price was reduced by approximately 40%. Personally I would rather have it sharper and quicker. The problem is that when prices are falling no one knows where the bottom is, so it drags on and on.
Paul, Vancouver, Canada
Long stagnation is extremely unlikely because the market has to be reasonbly active - deaths, divorces, people moving jobs or emigrating/arriving etc. That means there will be turnover and that means prices either up or down. If there's an oversupply of sellers - which seems likely - then prices will fall and probably fall quite sharply. As long as they are falling, there will be no discretionary buyers (those who can choose whether to buy). In addition, the market has a long way to fall before first-time buyers can actually afford to buy, particularly if lenders tighten credit and take a more realistic view of the housing market - that prices can go down as well as up and that capital has to be repaid. Add to that some short-term pain in financial and retail jobs, some BLT problems for the overleveraged and an increase in defaults by those who bought at the wrong time and the picture is pretty bleak.
Tim, London,
"It is not all doom and gloom. Sound demographics and supply constraints still provide underpinning."
Yeah right. And why are the number of properties on estate agents books rising if there are supply constraints. As to sound demographics where are all those people going to get mortgages now that lenders are tightening their criteria. Please spare us that well worn and now discredited spiel.
anthony, london , england
Property will crash by 25% this year and 15% in 2009. Interest rates will increase to stave off rising inflation driven by rising energy and food costs. Those people who think it will be a soft landing (5%) or even stagnation are away with the fairies.
There has never been a soft landing since records began. The ramping and the estate agency froth are not working any more. It is human nature that fear is a greater motivation than greed... Deal with it.
Guy, South Kensington
Guy Beckington, london,
It's all in the mind. A 20% fall tomorrow would leave only those who bough in the last two years an average loss of just 10%. Anybody who bought before that is still laughing, or at least smiling. And for the majority it is just a paper loss. The mortgage stays the same, you still have somewhere to live, your outgoings are the same.
Of course the market is going over correct. This is a fundamental aspect of markets cycles. The media have convinced the market that it is going to happen, and now it will., because buyers are hanging back waiting for it.
Let's bite the bullet and get over it.
Bob Travels, Stevenage,
Funny how the talk has now changed of a soft landing/stagnation period to large scale price falls.
Apart from those who have overstretched themselves and cannot pay their mortgages, and the sub prime buy to let sector, if the mood changes and people are no longer inclined to put all their spare cash/savings into what are essentially brick & wood structures with no productive capacity whatsoever which would be of benefit to the overall economy, then this can only be a regarded as a good thing.
And if people stop using their houses as cash machines to borrow against, maybe they will stop wasting money on imported consumer goods they really dont need, which will benefit both the balance of payments and landfill sites within the UK
rick, sydney, australia
I agree with the projected decline. I think it would be
better staggered so long as it is expected. Most people
seem to expect stagnation at worst, a 5% drop inconceivable.
and a 30% drop ridiculous. Journalists should focus on
US declines and Japanese declines following similar bubbles.
Instead I have read COUNTLESS articles about how the UK
is different, irresponsible to say the least. A sudden decline
would have very nasty consesequences, thosands of BTL
landlords bankrupted, families falling into negative equity,
foreclosures and a nasty recession. In April I expect a glut
of BTL flats will hit the market - CRASH...
Mark, Epping, Essex