Irwin Stelzer
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SOME of my best friends are economic forecasters, brave men and women who foretell various futures – hourly changes in share prices and interest rates, or what Federal Reserve Board chairman Ben Bernanke and his monetary policy committee colleagues will or won’t do on September 18, when they meet to survey the wreckage of the financial markets and the health of the economy.
The consensus seems to be that Bernanke will lower the Fed funds rate. Friday’s jobs report is seen as the final bit of evidence that the Fed needs to justify easing rates. Employment, which analysts expected to increase by about 100,000 jobs, actually declined by 4,000 in August. More significant, earlier estimates of job creation in June and July were lowered by 81,000 jobs. Bernanke can now lower rates without being accused of bailing out improvident lenders to sub-prime borrowers. No moral hazard, merely good anticyclical monetary policy.
Throw in speeches by Bernanke’s predecessor, Alan Greenspan, suggesting that he sees a recession around the corner, and the pressure for a rate cut mounts. But the life of a central banker is never that simple. After all, the American economy is not doing badly. Consumers continue to drive store sales up. Goldman Sachs reports “limited spill-overs from the market turmoil to the economy so far”. Last week’s so-called Beige Book, which summarises reports to the Fed from around the country, notes that “economic activity has continued to expand . . . [and] credit availability and credit quality remained good for most consumer and business borrowers”. Set that against the contradictory negative reports coming from the housing and financial sectors, and Bernanke is left to rely heavily on anecdotal evidence gleaned from his financial and business contacts around the country.
He will benefit from one more bit of data by the time he convenes his colleagues. Opec, the cartel of most of the world’s oil producers, meets in Vienna on Tuesday. Every indication is that the producers will refuse the request of consuming countries to open the spigots so as to bring down oil prices. “You cannot convince any member to add more crude to the market,” Abdalla el-Badri, Opec secretary-general, told the press.
Venezuela can’t: its production is sinking as Hugo Chávez replaces Petróleos de Venezuela’s highly regarded technocrats with political hacks. He wants more for each barrel he produces, especially if high prices threaten American prosperity. Iran, suffering from falling output as the American embargo denies the country the know-how and equipment needed to update facilities, is also a price hawk.
The key player, Saudi Arabia, will talk the talk of moderation and friendship to the West, then whine that prices are already down from their summer peak, that a slowing American economy will reduce the demand for oil, and that the weaker dollar means the kingdom is getting less real purchasing power for its oil. Unsaid is the fact that the Saudis need the money to fund the lives of thousands of indolent princes, and the terrorist madrasas it continues to finance.
Best of all, Opec now knows that it can count on Vladimir Putin to help it in two ways – one intentional, the other unintentional. Putin will cooperate with Opec because high oil prices make it easier for him both to provide Russia’s people with butter and his military with guns. He is also inadvertently helping to maintain prices by allowing Russia’s oil output to fall as his former KGB and other cronies take over the country’s oil companies, and reduce foreigners to minor roles. As The Economist magazine pointed out, KGB-trained thugs “know how to grab assets and jail foes, but not how to run real businesses”.
In short, there is little likelihood that any of the major producers will permit the foreign investment they need to step up production sufficiently to make a significant dent in the current price of oil. The Saudi royal family doesn’t want to antagonise the bin-Ladenites by inviting American companies in, although it relies on the American military to keep it in power. Mexico won’t allow American capital in, but wants to ship unlimited numbers of its workers out to the United States. The Bush administration acquiesces.
Any downward pressure on prices will have to come from a reduction in the demand for traditional petroleum. A recession would accomplish such a cutback, but that is neither likely nor a goal of American and European policy.
There is some indication that what Americans consider to be the high price of petrol – about $3 a gallon (39p a litre) – is having a bit ofa dampening effect on demand. But it will take decades for the current fleet of cars to be replaced by more fuel-efficient vehicles.
There is no sign that demand for aviation fuel is headed anywhere but up, or that nuclear power can do much, certainly not soon, to replace fossil fuels used for transport. Coal might develop into an oil substitute in some uses, but it is hardly the darling of the environmental set. Canada’s tar sands are expensive and environmentally intrusive. And the economics of ethanol are at minimum questionable, while their overall environmental impact is far from benign.
So the most likely scenario is for oil prices to stay high, with an upward jiggle when a hurricane threatens offshore facilities, and a downward move when inventories temporarily rise. The good news is that in the long run this will discourage demand, and encourage efficiency and alternative fuels. Meanwhile, the American economy remains dependent on its enemies for its fuel, its politicians refuse to take meaningful steps to reduce that dependence, and America sleeps.
Irwin Stelzer is a business adviser and director of economic policy studies at the Hudson Institute
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Peak OIl (and Natural Gas by the way) are increasingly seen as inevitable by experts and some politicians. After all there is a finite amount a planet can have and those peak tipping points will be reached all the sooner as demands on it continue upwards.
The article like so many others only considers the economic impacts of the supply/demand situation, what about the fact that the fossil fuel resources are finite and that nuclear is not a transport fuel option directly and with a long lead time indirectly.
(hydrogen).
The real answers will come in a carefully managed and large scale reduction in our dependence on these fuels for our lives, both economic and physical.
Why not take a look at Transition Towns as an initiative trying to address this. Most of the media and government are putting the telescope to their blind eye with regard to Peak Oil and Gas and this is why ordinary people all across Britain are doing it for themselves, now .
Greg Dance, Stroud, UK
America is sleepwalking into a crisis. Being run by a group of old friends that are so tangled up in the oil industry that they fight tooth and nail to "protect the American way of life". This includes the invasion of countries to defend the average American's birthright to drive monstrously fuel inefficient SUV's.
How much longer will the world put up with a country that uses, demands and takes by force the rest of the worlds riches?
All this talk of imports and increasing output is fine right now. One thing everyone seems to have forgotten is that the worlds oil has taken 100's of millions of years to get there. We are going to burn it off in about 200 years! When the peak production point of oil passes, America with it's outdated Texan oil man attitude is going to be in the worst position of all.
How is demanding more oil production going to create a long term fix? America needs to change attitude and fast, Instead of trying to defend their dying empire and way of life at all costs
Scott, Aberdeen, UK
Sir You forget to mention that Canada is now the no1
energy supplier to the US. Growing every year, now up to 25% of total foreign energy used by the US is supplied by our country..
y bellec, toronto, canada
One thing you omit to mention in your article is tofind out why these countries would not accept foreign capital.Afterall, which country wouldn't like the infusion of foreign capital into their economies.Afterall these countries allowed foreign capital investments before in their oil sectors. The behaviour of these foreign capital investors.In the 80's & 90's, these foreign investment company's - ExonMobil et al, always fall-outy with their host countries,violating terms of their investment contracts & are used as an instrument for their home countries
to forward their foreign policy agendas.Some countries like Shell makes so much money to the detriment of their host country's economy/environment,encouraging corruption & insurhencies.ExonMobil is used as a foreign policy instrument in latin america.All these are wrong,but isn't it amazing that when God created this world,gave the all the know-how to the west & all the natural resources to these American Enemies - Is that not amazing?
Brenden, New York, New Yok
'A recession would accomplish such a cutback, but that is neither likely ....'.
I think this writer is one of those forever bulls! The US economy is either in or right on the edge of a recession. Of course OPEC is not going to increase production, even if it could which is unlikely. It is struggling to produce 84m barrels now and Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UK and Mexico have peaked. Why should it increase production when it gets paid in the doomed currency of US Dollars? The Dollar is going down, it has already breached the key support level of 80.
A recession would be good news for OPEC and as they will be able hide the fact that peak oil has or very soon will be reached. Oil prices are not going to fall. OPEC will seek to achieve an oil price which takes into account the falling Dollar. Bad news especially for the USA.
D Rumsfeld, London, UK
Actually, Chávez, or Chaburro, as the Venezuelan intelligentsia call him, is Castro's unconditional pawn, whence his hatred of America, who should, late as it is, revise her strategy and ask herself if she's still the beacon of freedom.
eugene, heidelberg, germany
Thank you, your clear explanations of this difficult issue helped me understand the sad details a little better.
John, Nevada City, CA
It's time for the world to wake up to the 'Methanol Economy' - - which is not only based on biomass and other available sources, but also on re-cycling the greenhouse global-warming gas CO2 that everyone is complaining of.
Solve 2 major (ie, energy/ & warming) problems in one simple move, and reduce reliance on our potential enemies - - now that would progress, perhaps even 'common sense.'
Dr Robert Brown, Tustin, USA, California
Databank
The share price info is interesting but you need to put in another column.
% change on the week. No trends can be detected with simple absolute prices.
michael paterson, frome, uk
Russian oil production is at 9.89Mbpd, its highest ever. Mean while Suadi produtuin has dropped to 8.7Mbpd. Mr. Irwin Stelzer need to get his fact straight before writing anything. You need to get your own facts based on real data and not being lazy quoting 2nd hand information.
Hal Smith, Boston, MA, USA
It's no longer satisfactory to view the World in the context of "Our National Interest" as the US does to it's injury.
While that approached cannot be abandoned completely there must be a recognition that we are all spinning through the universe on the same rock.
The US uses 25 % of the Worlds resources while representing 4% of the population, It's not something the Chinese, Indians, Indonesians, Russians etc etc. will continue to tolerate.
The time to deal with the pending crunch is now, The World is really one community.
Willaim Knapp, toronto, Canada
"He is also inadvertently helping to maintain prices by allowing Russiaâs oil output to fall " Perhaps Mr Stelzer can substantiate with figures. One shouldn't forget that Russia's oil is rightly being used for for the benefit of that country's citizens not for the benefit of Americans.
Marco Borg, London , UK
Errr... yes it is. Nuclear power is used to generate electricity, which is then used to electrolyse water to generate hydrogen for use in fuel cells. The electricity can also be stored directly using batteries. Battery powered vehicles are a reality now and fuel cells are being developed for transport use to replace oil.
One thing is certain, there is a finite amount of oil and it will run out so investing in developing alternative sources of fuel is a must.
Jennifer, Northampton,
Of course Mr Stelzer is correct in his assumptions. The problem that we have in the US is quite specific. After occupying most of the vacancies at our Universities, the communists/fascists moved into the enviromental groups where they have used clean air/water etc, to attack business. Nowhere so effectively than in Congress. The Ethanol scam is the latest example of goverment designing fuels. The motivating force behind this national disgrace is the quest for power to run one's lives through taxation. Nowhere is that more clear than in the good old UK, where, any fluctuation in temperature is a reason to raise taxes. We, in the USA are just about to get to this stage where the only salvation/redemption is higher taxes. Gore fly's a G 5 and uses 1500 gallons of fuel per hour, Robert Kennedy the same. All the Pols in D.C. drive Chelsea Tractors, not the 35 MPG mini cars they want the rest of us to drive.
Robert Granville Lee, Bloomfield hills,, Michigan, USA
and America sleeps...
as Burke said "work on though despair" so as a curative I'd suggest a worlds fair - and then get on wih building an infrastructure to meet the new demands ( and they are many) of the new century - eg TRAINS & etc
As the great hollywood directors would say "Let"s look at the big picture
glenn schaefer, holbrook, USA
That's where Africa comes in. I have always been convinced that in the end it will be Africa again that bails the West out of this oil predicament.
Wilf, London, UK
'Meanwhile, the American economy remains dependent on its enemies for its fuel...'
Really? US government figures for the daily import of petroleum and crude oil by the USA for June 2007 show the following (mbd = million barrels/day):-
8.1 mbd out of 11.2 mbd of petroleum imports - 72% - came from friendly countries. If Saudi Arabia is excluded from my list of friendly countries the figure drops to 6.6 mbd - 59%.
6.8 mbd out of 9.4 mbd of crude oil imports - 72% - came from friendly countries. If Saudi Arabia is excluded, the figure drops to 5.3 mbd - 56%.
My friendly country list includes, in order of importance of imports into the USA:-
Canada, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Nigeria, Angola, the UK, Kuwait, Virgin Islands, Norway, Netherlands, Colombia and Brazil.
Mr Stelzer should say which of the above count as enemies of the USA (apart from Saudi Arabia). Anybody who won't subsidise American fuel profligacy by selling them oil at dirt-cheap prices, perhaps?
Michael Smith, Southampton, UK
Errrr... Nuclear power is very unlikely to ever replace fossil fuels for transport..
Scamp, Aberdeenshire,